Fig. 10

Single-cell transcriptomic analysis reveals the pivotal role of TRGV9 in T-cell metabolism and function in LUAD: a Expression pattern of key genes across different cell subpopulations. b UMAP dimensionality reduction visualizing cell subgroups with differential expressions of specific key genes. c Expression distribution of the CD8B gene across cells plotted using UMAP. d UMAP plots showing the distribution of cells in conditions of COVID, normal, and tumor, highlighting the expression of TRGV9 and CD8B. e Cell trajectory analysis from primary to mature T-cell states using Slingshot. f Histogram representing the distribution of gene expression across cells. g Gene on/off status in pseudo-time, reflecting gene expression dynamics during cellular developmental or transcriptional processes. h Scatter plot depicting the relationship between the expression of the 'TRGV9' gene and pseudo-time. i Intercellular communication analysis between TRGV9 + CD8_CM and TRGV9-CD8_CM cell subgroups using the CellChat tool. j Differential signaling pathways enriched in communications involving TRGV9 + CD8_CM cells compared to others. k Metabolic pathway analysis showing the activation states of T cells, revealing differences in metabolic activities between TRGV9 + CD8_CM and TRGV9-CD8_CM cell subgroups. l Differential gene expression analysis between TRGV9 + CD8_CM and TRGV9-CD8_CM cell subpopulations, with a focus on the significant difference in TRGV9 expression between LUAD and healthy groups. m Expression of TRGV9 in normal cells and three adenocarcinoma cell types