Table 7 Distribution of morphological traits of bermudagrass (C. dactylon) and soil characters from different latitudes
| Â | Parameter | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Erect shoot | Leaf length(mm) | 47.15 ± 7.13 | 37.68 ± 3.99 | 67.51 ± 4.88 | 69.82 ± 9.95 | 40.30 ± 5.16 | 42.99 ± 5.45 | 25.98 ± 2.27 | 32.93 ± 4.05 | 23.72 ± 1.42 | 36.21 ± 4.11 | 42.23 ± 2.59 | 37.30 ± 4.24 | 33.49 ± 3.57 | 42.48 ± 4.25 | 51.53 ± 5.02 | 30.04 ± 2.53 |
Leaf width(mm) | 2.28 ± 0.25 | 2.53 ± 0.12 | 2.77 ± 0.12 | 2.75 ± 0.13 | 2.46 ± 0.10 | 2.33 ± 0.10 | 2.25 ± 0.06 | 2.25 ± 0.05 | 2.08 ± 0.07 | 2.29 ± 0.08 | 2.29 ± 0.10 | 2.31 ± 0.12 | 2.67 ± 0.11 | 2.43 ± 0.12 | 2.61 ± 0.10 | 2.13 ± 0.09 | |
Internode length(mm) | 23.45 ± 2.82 | 25.66 ± 3.44 | 36.04 ± 4.17 | 35.67 ± 3.22 | 20.49 ± 1.94 | 20.94 ± 3.04 | 13.69 ± 1.60 | 14.46 ± 1.31 | 11.24 ± 0.81 | 16.46 ± 1.44 | 17.10 ± 1.76 | 20.42 ± 2.04 | 16.18 ± 1.89 | 16.88 ± 1.92 | 23.18 ± 3.28 | 16.00 ± 1.75 | |
diameter(mm) | 0.79 ± 0.05 | 0.90 ± 0.03 | 0.95 ± 0.06 | 1.00 ± 0.06 | 1.04 ± 0.05 | 0.87 ± 0.04 | 0.91 ± 0.03 | 0.90 ± 0.04 | 0.76 ± 0.03 | 0.73 ± 0.03 | 0.77 ± 0.02 | 0.86 ± 0.06 | 0.94 ± 0.04 | 0.76 ± 0.05 | 0.80 ± 0.04 | 0.81 ± 0.04 | |
Stolon | Leaf length(mm) | 32.29 ± 6.21 | 30.77 ± 4.90 | 74.63 ± 9.33 | 84.92 ± 11.66 | 45.16 ± 8.38 | 35.47 ± 3.63 | 18.99 ± 1.74 | 22.88 ± 1.39 | 28.35 ± 2.83 | 32.65 ± 3.29 | 36.11 ± 3.17 | 40.18 ± 8.12 | 28.71 ± 3.12 | 39.50 ± 3.38 | 49.30 ± 5.43 | 29.21 ± 3.34 |
Leaf width(mm) | 2.42 ± 0.23 | 2.42 ± 0.11 | 3.03 ± 0.11 | 2.99 ± 0.12 | 2.65 ± 0.14 | 2.57 ± 0.13 | 2.25 ± 0.06 | 2.24 ± 0.05 | 2.39 ± 0.05 | 2.48 ± 0.08 | 2.53 ± 0.08 | 2.33 ± 0.10 | 2.78 ± 0.11 | 2.73 ± 0.12 | 2.70 ± 0.14 | 2.28 ± 0.08 | |
Internode length(mm) | 34.47 ± 7.53 | 48.20 ± 4.96 | 51.17 ± 4.36 | 53.76 ± 5.16 | 46.42 ± 4.74 | 33.91 ± 3.78 | 29.63 ± 3.73 | 22.24 ± 1.84 | 24.49 ± 3.81 | 33.51 ± 3.19 | 55.39 ± 6.25 | 42.76 ± 5.04 | 31.50 ± 4.33 | 38.89 ± 5.04 | 36.31 ± 5.55 | 40.89 ± 4.55 | |
diameter(mm) | 1.00 ± 0.08 | 1.03 ± 0.03 | 1.16 ± 0.06 | 1.13 ± 0.06 | 1.18 ± 0.05 | 1.06 ± 0.05 | 1.02 ± 0.04 | 1.08 ± 0.04 | 0.91 ± 0.04 | 0.93 ± 0.03 | 0.98 ± 0.05 | 1.07 ± 0.06 | 1.01 ± 0.04 | 0.92 ± 0.07 | 0.91 ± 0.07 | 0.97 ± 0.05 | |
|  | Turf height(cm) | 14.10 ± 1.37 | 14.05 ± 1.40 | 19.48 ± 1.47 | 26.94 ± 1.81 | 15.18 ± 2.07 | 13.68 ± 1.44 | 7.63 ± 1.05 | 9.98 ± 1.14 | 8.35 ± 0.54 | 10.28 ± 0.90 | 10.40 ± 0.70 | 12.50 ± 1.07 | 10.53 ± 1.03 | 13.35 ± 1.47 | 12.35 ± 0.94 | 8.90 ± 0.83 |
|  | Reproductive branch height(cm) | 14.98 ± 1.74 | 18.47 ± 1.61 | 23.90 ± 0.79 | 24.00 ± 2.45 | 14.66 ± 1.30 | 14.48 ± 2.22 | 10.02 ± 0.77 | 11.14 ± 0.96 | 6.90 ± 0.48 | 11.14 ± 1.34 | 10.97 ± 0.94 | 13.62 ± 1.38 | 11.69 ± 1.24 | 13.74 ± 1.25 | 18.66 ± 1.85 | 9.66 ± 0.79 |
|  | Total Nitrogen (g/kg) | 1.55 ± 0.04 | 1.14 ± 0.01 | 1.11 ± 0.04 | 1.28 ± 0.01 | 1.39 ± 0.04 | 1.20 ± 0.04 | 0.69 ± 0.01 | 1.07 ± 0.01 | 1.88 ± 0.00 | 1.05 ± 0.01 | 0.79 ± 0.00 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 1.24 ± 0.04 | 1.28 ± 0.01 | 1.48 ± 0.04 | 0.63 ± 0.01 |
|  | Available Kalium (g/kg) | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.34 ± 0.05 | 0.33 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.00 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 0.20 ± 0.02 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.00 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.35 ± 0.03 | 0.21 ± 0.01 |
|  | Available Nitrogen (g/kg) | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 0.09 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.03 ± 0.00 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.04 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.01 ± 0.00 | 0.05 ± 0.00 | 0.07 ± 0.00 | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.05 ± 0.00 |
|  | Soil Organic Matter (g/kg) | 105.5 ± 3.54 | 34.00 ± 0.71 | 17.00 ± 0.57 | 26.60 ± 0.00 | 25.10 ± 0.57 | 21.65 ± 0.35 | 11.55 ± 0.21 | 15.6 ± 0.42 | 41.95 ± 0.07 | 19.40 ± 0.28 | 15.95 ± 0.35 | 11.80 ± 0.28 | 38.5 ± 0.71 | 24.55 ± 0.21 | 26.65 ± 0.35 | 16.1 ± 0.57 |
|  | Exchangeable Ca (g/kg) | 7.47 ± 0.07 | 8.45 ± 0.49 | 4.46 ± 0.10 | 4.70 ± 0.00 | 3.33 ± 0.11 | 4.63 ± 0.02 | 2.07 ± 0.04 | 3.81 ± 0.02 | 2.85 ± 0.04 | 2.15 ± 0.42 | 2.30 ± 0.01 | 1.97 ± 0.01 | 2.99 ± 0.01 | 4.65 ± 0.14 | 1.91 ± 0.01 | 3.14 ± 0.35 |
|  | Exchangeable Mg (g/kg) | 0.24 ± 0.00 | 0.26 ± 0.00 | 0.36 ± 0.02 | 0.33 ± 0.00 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.38 ± 0.00 | 0.35 ± 0.01 | 0.18 ± 0.00 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.03 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.00 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.00 | 0.12 ± 0.01 |
|  | Exchangeable Na (g/kg) | 0.33 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.00 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.00 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.00 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.00 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.06 ± 0.00 | 0.1 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.00 | 0.25 ± 0.01 |
|  | pH | 6.07 ± 0.06 | 6.87 ± 0.01 | 6.75 ± 0.01 | 7.08 ± 0.06 | 5.72 ± 0.00 | 7.16 ± 0.03 | 6.81 ± 0.01 | 6.14 ± 0.03 | 6.32 ± 0.01 | 5.94 ± 0.01 | 6.86 ± 0.03 | 7.02 ± 0.04 | 6.83 ± 0.03 | 7.12 ± 0.03 | 5.99 ± 0.04 | 6.56 ± 0.01 |